yea its blog time cool...

Alkenes and Alkynes hmm

if you wonder what it is then to bad don't read this because i don't know either. ... I'm just a random person doing a random blog.... yay.. fun...
OKAY.

alkene is double bone that a carbon form and a alkyne is a triple bond that carbon form basicly that's all...
yea please read other people's blog if you want more information....

okay ALL OF ALKENE AND ALKYNE ARE NOT SATURATED

sigh I'll probably fail with just that so time to make up some more stuff.
first of all for a double/tri bond it always have to be the lowest number so if there are 5 c and the bond is at from left second it won't be 4 pentene but it would be 2 pentene don't ask why because it life

C= C C C C
the H aren't there because im lazy

so we will start with alkene first. for alkene in another words double bond just change the ending from ane to ene. yes that it. not more. its as easy as 1 2 3. OMG I HAVE A QUESTION A VERY SMART STUDENT ASKS SO IT WOULD BE METHENE? NO because how can you have a double with just 1 carbon = = (i the teacher think the student isn't the smartest)
yea so methene won't work but the rest does... butene ethene propene pentaconten
okay so naming FIND THE LONGEST CONTINUES CHAIN and then PUT THE DOUBLE BOND AT THE LOWEST NUMBER AND NO 6 IS NOT LOWER THAN 2. - - IF THE NUMBER IS BIGGER THAN THE NUMBER OF CARBON IN THE LONGEST CHAIN SOMETHING IS WRONG!!!!! I RAGEEEEE!! RAWR!! also change the ending to ene that's all everything else is basically the same with alkane. THERE IS CIS AND TRANS STUFF HERE

H3C CH2 CH2 CH = CH CH3
2-hexene
there example

this makes absolutely no sense

okay Alkyne now.. OMG ITS THE SAME EXECPT IT TRIPLE AND NOT DOUBLE OMG OMG OMG CHANGE ITS ENDING FROM ANE TO YNE SOOOO CREATIVE  O YEA one other thing is there is no cis or trans for triple bond




as always youtube and some random places
okay she has weird accent lol but it pretty detailed

Organic Chemistry

this is what you have to remember.ending will change when it is not an alkane

well this thing called organic chem iono wat it is but i believe that this piece of organic is all about carbon compounds.  These compounds all have low melting points, non electrolytes and THEY CAN FORM SUPER COOL LOOKING CHAINS!!! Like omg i have NEVER seen anything so pro before. Its like art.  They can form something called a straight line, circular pattern or branched pattern.  The carbons are also supposedly pro since they can form single, double, and triple bonds.  Also characterized by one line, 2 lines or 3 lines. cool.  o yea also know that a hydrocarbon is a compound that contains both hydrogen and carbon this is someting YOU MUST REMEMBER. ok now onto other stuff you must remember. Also know that a saturated hydrocarbon means it is not possible for another atom to combine to the current chain. Unsaturated is the opposite.

here is the list of alkanes and their molecular formula.  The root of the words will be the same but the ending will change according to what you are naming so yes this is important


an alkyl also known as R is an alkane which lost 1 hydrogen.  you can find out what is an alkyl group because it is usually the left over parts of the structure. after you find a chain of the carbons, the structure left is the alkyl group.

Chemical Bonding

What is chemical bonding? I would say that it is the bonding of chemicals. WHAT? REALLY? OMG REVELATION.

NOTEWORTHY:
only valence electrons involved b/c they want to make a full shell

In junior science, it was taught that there were only two forms of bonds. Ionic and Covalent. WRONG
THERE ARE TWO PLUS A SUB DIVISION OF ONE OF THEM. *GASP*

Ionic Bonds
electrons transfered ie. GIVE ME ALL YOUR ELECTRONS FOOL
Non-Polar Covalent Bonds
electrons are shared equally ie. SHARING IS CARING, LETS SHARE TOGETHER
Polar Covalent Bonds
electrons are shared unequally ie. MOM TOLD ME WE HAD TO SHARE SO TAKE THIS

How do bonds come to be? Electrostatic Force acts on subatomic particles. Like charges repel, opposites attract. Cool? cool.

Ionic Bonds
-electrons transferred from metal to non-metal
-metal forms positive ion(cation) bc loses electrons
-non-metal forms negative ion(anion) bc gains electrons

Ionic bond of Na and Cl to form NaCl

As we can see, the lone electron from Na is transferred to Cl. Both acquire full valence shells and become more stable. Since they both have charges opposite to each other after the reaction, they are then attracted to each other in a bond.

Electronegativity
This is how much atoms want to gain electrons. If we measure the electronegativity from two different atoms, we can determine what kind of bond they will form with the difference in absolute value.

enegdiff = Math.Abs(eneg1 - eneg2); if (enegdiff < 0.5){       bondtype = nonpolarcovalent; } if (enegdiff >0.5 && enegdiff< 1.8){       bondtype = polarcovalent; } if (enegdiff >1.8){       bondtype = ionic; }

Non-polar Covalent

electrons shared equally due to octet rule

bonds formed are IMPECCABLY STRONG

this would lead you to think that they have very high melting points but for some this is not the case

Molecules are held by Intermolecular forces, which are WEAK. During the boiling process, the bonds themselves may not give, but the weaker intermolecular forces will.

electrons equally shared in the centre

 Before we continue:

Polar ---> opposite charges on opposite sides of the bond

NonPolar ---> both sides equal in charge

Polar Covalent

One atom will have significantly more electronegativity than the other, therefore, electrons will spend time in one atom more than another. This will create poles on either side of the bond because one atom will be slightly more negative and the other slightly more positive.

If the atom has higher electronegativity ---> partial negative betw. 0 to -1

If the atom has lower electronegativity ---> partial positive betw. 0 to +1

for Ionic bond: higher electronegativity ---> atom forms cation

                       lower electronegativity ---> atom forms anion

Observe the above picture. The arrows represent which way the electrons are migrating due to the polarity

The little hook symbols represent the partial charge on either side of the polar bond. Dipole attraction refers to the attractive force between the negative end of one polar bond to the positive end of another polar bond.

Kthnxbye

Periodic Trends

There are many trends within the periodic table whether it is in groups, left right up down or w.e. Here are some of the following

Elements are more metallic as they go down in a family and all the metals are grouped on the left while all the non metals are on the right. The metalloids are in the middle

Atomic radius decreases going right in a period but increases going down a family. Going across a table also increases the atomic number aka protons.

Metals and nonmetals in reactivity is quite funny. When a metal goes down and right once it gets more reactive so if it goes up and left once it is getting less reactive. Nonmetals are opposite of this. Going up in a family increases its reactivity

Electronegativity is a measure of the attraction of an atom for the electron. The higher it is the more attraction it has to electrons. electronegativity decreases as atomic number increases.

Melting and boiling point. The elements near the centre of the table has the highest while noble gases have the lowest

ionization energy is the amount of energy needed to remove 1 electron because it is a noob and not needed. Ion. Energy is increases moving left to right in a period and decreases moving down a family.